Horizontal directional drilling (Horizontal Directional Drilling) is a fast and cost effective technology to install product pipelines underneath obstacles such as river and road crossings, etc. Horizontal Directional Drilling rigs were initially developed in USA in 1970s for hydrocarbon pipeline installations underneath rivers. Since then, they have been used extensively to install a wide range of utilities, conduits and pipelines under highways, water bodies and environmentally sensitive areas. This has been made possible by the time and cost effectiveness of this technology in almost any soil condition except loose gravel. Loose gravel provides a challenge for Horizontal Directional Drilling because of difficulty in maintaining the reamed holes, which can be up to 150% of the product pipeline size. Even then, by using certain bentonite polymers, this difficulty can be overcome to a certain degree. In hard rock conditions, specialized attachments like mud motors can be used to install product pipelines.